Ethnography: Ainu Essay example -- Cultural Anthropology

Ethnography Ainu humansview The Ainu, Japans native aboriginal people, are very much an isolated people, living now only in the Federal island of Japan, Hokkaido. They number, as of a 1984 survey, 24,381, continuing a rise from a low point in the mid nineteenth century due to forced crusade and disease, and have largely left their old ways and integrated into standard Japanese society, though even the majority of those still reside in Hokkaido. The animistic religion of the Ainu is firmly enmeshed with every other aspect of the culture.Family and Kinship Most Ainu organize in groups of nuclear families, the nuclear family being the basic amicable unit (Encyclopedia). Some groups, however, have extended families, but are not as common. Families are both patrilineal and matrilineal, the sons inheriting the fathers clan and the daughters inheriting the mothers clan (. Both males and females do not marry cousins, but only from their mothers family (Encyclopedia). Also, polygyny is p racticed by the higher-status males in a community (Encyclopedia). During the bear ritual, relatives of the host in other settlements usually come to participate (Encyclopedia). Marriages traditionally were either arranged or of mutual apply (Museum, Life 1). Also, as a result of the twentieth centurys attempted Japanese integration, often through exogamy, now not even a third of all Ainu have four Ainu grandparents (Bowring 244).EconomicsThe Ainu traditionally were hunters and gatherers, but rather than wandering nomadically, they settled in one location, on one arm of a river, where they could fish and hunt (Museum People). However, in more recent times, Ainu seeking to integrate into Japanese society have taken jobs in ... ... Apr. 2002. Encyclopedia of World Cultures. CD-ROM. Old Tappan, NJ Macmillian.Forbis, William H. Japan Today People, Places, Power. New York Harper, 1975.Law to preserve Ainu culture was Passed. 1 Feb. 2002. Buraku Liberation and Human Rights Research Institute. 25 Apr. 2002. .Takasugi, Shinji. Numbers in world languages. 25 Apr. 2002. .Thomason, Andy. The Ainu of Japan. 2 July 1999. Suite101.com Inc. 25 Apr. 2002. .Wright, Mike. Ainu-English Word List. 13 Nov. 1999. Costal Fog Net. 25 Apr. 2002. .